Pengaruh Bahan Pelapis Dan Kemasan Simpan Terhadap Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kedelai Pada Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang

Abstract

The obstacle to soybean seed availability was due to the seed deterioration during seed storage, in consequence providing soybean seeds that comply with quality standards is difficult. The need for soybean seed as planting material increased 91,22% nationally from 2017 to 2018. Therefore, action is needed to meet the availability of soybean seed sustainably. Seed coating has been a concern by the reason of its potency in preventing the increase of seed moisture content, thereby the increase in respiration rate can be suppressed more effectively. On the other hand, seed coating has not been able to overcome the problem of seed metabolite degradation. One of which is the leakage of metabolites, resulting in protein denaturation due to the fat oxidation process which breaks the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids that produce free radicals. So, damage to the germ cell membrane occurs. Leakage of seed metabolite affects the decrease of seed vigor as well as seed capability to grow normally in sub-optimum conditions. The application of appropriate seed packaging helps in avoiding the influence of external conditions outside the seed packaging itself, such as storage temperature and humidity fluctuation that affect the degradation of seed viability potential. The research aims to find out the interaction between seed coating using the antioxidant and the type of seed packaging to maintain the viability and vigor of soybean seed after being stored for three months. This experiment was carried out for three months from April to June 2020 in the Quality Assurance Laboratory of East West Seed Indonesia Company, Desa Gumuksari, Tegal Besar, Kaliwates, Jember. The experimental design was carried out factorially with the basic pattern of Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor was seed coating which consists of 4 levels and the second factor is storage packaging which consists of 3 levels. Therefore, 12 treatment combinations were obtained and repetitively by three times. Observation variables related to viability consist of germination rate (%) and maximum growth potential (%). Whereas, observation regarding vigor consists of vigor index (%), seed growth simultaneity (%), seed growth rate (%/Etmal), as well as the percentage of seed moisture content after being stored.