Peningkatan Viabilitas Benih Tanaman Jarak Pagar dengan Teknik Invigorasi Matriconditioning dan Aplikasi Agen Hayati Pseudomonas fluorescens

Abstract

Jatropha seeds deteriorate during storage which causes a decrease in vigor and viability and deterioration. They can be identified through the physiological and biochemical activities of the seeds. The Seeds with high fat content are damaged more quickly due to fat oxidation into free fatty acids. Jatropha seed viability decreased by 40% for 6 months under controlled storage. Increased viability of jatropha seeds is required through invigorating matriconditioning, controlled hydration of solid matrix provides improved seed germination mechanisms. Integration with Pseudomonas fluorescens provides improved germination performance, secondary metabolites produced; the hormone auxin indole acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins and gibberellins and siderophore compounds as bioprotectants. The combination of matriconditioning and Pseudomonas fluorescens treatments increased viability and vigor in chili seeds, in upland rice, in chili seeds. This research aimed to determine the best matriconditioning duration and density of Pseudomonas fluorescens in an effort to increase vigor and viability of Jatropha seeds. The study was carried out using a factorial randomized block design (RAK), the first factor was the length of matriconditioning consisting of 4 levels, namely 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. The second factor is the density of Pseudomonas fluorescens consisting of 3 levels, namely 0 (without the application of Pseudomonas fluorescens, dose of 100 ml l-1 and dose of 200 ml l- 1. The study consisted of 12 treatment combinations with 3 replications so that there were 36 experimental units. Data of the research were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the effect of treatments. The treatments having significantly different effects were further analyzed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with alpha = 5%. The result of resarch showed that interaction matriconditioning duration and density of Pseudomonas fluorescens affected significantly on the observed variables of growth speed, vigor index and T50. The combination of 24 hours of matriconditioning and a dose of Pseudomonas fluorescens 100 ml l-1 resulted in the best treatment on variables representing seed vigor (growth rate and vigor index). The single factor effect of matriconditioning time was significantly different and the best was at 24 hours of matriconditioning on increasing seed viability (germination) and seed vigor (growth speed, growth synchronously and vigor index). The effect of a single factor dose of Pseudomonas fluorescens was significantly different and the best dose of Pseudomonas fluorescens 100 ml l-1 was in increasing seed viability (germination), seed vigor (growth speed, growth uniformity, vigor index) and maximum growth potential. Keywords : seed, invigoration, Jatropha curcas, matricond