| dc.description.abstract | Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a cereal crop that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia as a food, feed and
industrial crop. Sorghum is a C4 plant that has the advantage of efficiency in hot and dry environments. Drought stress is one
of the most limiting environmental factors for crop productivity worldwide, and can be caused by water deficits in the soil and
in the atmosphere. On the decreasing leaf water status, the rate of CO2 assimilation and the conductance of stomata decreased
rapidly. The CO2 concentration mechanism is able to saturate C4 photosynthesis under the relatively low intercellular CO2
concentration. In addition, CO2 photorespiration is likely to be repaired before it exits the bundle sheat cells. The effects of
non-stomatal factors include reduced activity of photosynthetic enzymes, inhibition of nitrate assimilation, induction of
premature aging, and changes in leaf anatomy. Photosynthesis in C4 plants, including sorghum, involves, others, the PEPC and
Rubisco enzymes. Drought can also trigger oxidative stress, which is an environmental condition that has increased Reactive
Oxygen Species (ROS) due to an over reduction of the photosynthesis process. | en_US |
