| dc.description.abstract | Carbon
dioxide Emission is one of the environment degradation resulted from economic ac-
tivities. The study aims at revealing the relation of macroeconomic indicators with carbon
dioxide emission in ASEAN 5 countries. Carbon dioxide emission is a dependent variable
explained by macroeconomic indicator variables such as GDP, trades, energy consumption
and exchange rates as an independent variable. The data employed are time series data, the
annual data in ASEAN 5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippine and Singapore)
from
the
period
of
1975
to
2011.
The
research
employs
two
methods
of
analysis;
narrative
descriptive qualitative and VAR (Vector Auto Regressive) method. The estimated research
findings
indicate
different
results
concerning
macroeconomic
indicators
affecting
the
carbon
dioxide
emission
in
ASEAN
5.
AR
results
reveal
that
GDP
in
Indonesia
has
significant
negative
effect
while
the
energy
consumption
shows
a
significant
positive
effect.
Meanwhile,
the
variables
such
as
GDP,
trades
and
exchange
rate
have
a
significant
positive
affect
in
Malaysia.
In
Singapore,
energy
consumption
has
a
significant
effect
and the exchange rate has
positive significant one. Lastly, the Philippine shows that exchange rate variable indicates a
significant effect towards carbon dioxide emission. | en_US |
