| dc.description.abstract | Development of teeth is under strict genetic control, which ensures
the formation and renewal of a certain number of teeth with specific shapes and position.
Gene mutations can disturb normal dental development and affect tooth number, shape,
eruption or formation of dental hard tissues. The process of odontogenesis is under the
control of homeobox (HOX) genes; a number of different mesenchymal regulatory
molecules and their receptors. Objective: To review the role of homeobox genes in the
developmental anomalies of teeth. Literature review : There are different molecular
signalling that regulate tooth development and it is possible to observe that the molecular
signals are expressed in different stages of odontogenesis. HOX genes are classified as
muscle segment (MSX1 and MSX2), distal-less (Dlx), orthodontical, goosecoid, paired box
gene 9 (Pax9) and sonic hedgehog (Shh). Msx1 and Msx2 genes are responsible for the
developmental position and further development of tooth buds. Dlx-1, Dlx-2 and Barx-1
genes are involved in development of molar teeth. Pax9 is a transcription factor required
for tooth morphogenesis. Dental anomalies are often observed as isolated, that is, only
dentition is affected, and especially failure to develop all teeth. Conclusion : The genetic
causes of dental pathologies are multiple causing phenotypic changes and the severity of
which is dependant on the affected gene, the type and location of mutations. | en_US |
