FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN GIZI LEBIH PADA ANAK USIA PRA-SEKOLAH(Studi di Pos PAUD Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pandaan Kabupaten Pasurua)

Abstract

Overnutrition on child is a new burden of public nutrition issue, especially in the under five age group in addition to the problem of malnutrition. Risk factors of child overweight and obesity are multi factors, where there are several factors that can affect both internal, that is age and sex of child, and external, such as child eating pattern, activity levels and patterns, genetic factors and other factors of the environment. These research was intended to identify factors that influence the incidence of overnutrition on pre-school children. This research was observational analytic with case control design. The population in this research was all students of overnutrition (case group) and non-overnutrition (control group). Sampels were 22 students as case group and 66 students as control group. Data collection used questionnaires of knowledge and physical activities of children. Data analysis technique applied chi-square by bivariate and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression with α =0,05. The research results showed that there was an relationship of socio economic factors related to family income p=0,027; type of work of mother p=0,002; history of exclusive breastfeeding p= 0,002; timing of breastfeeding supplementary food p =0,05; level of osmosis of formula milk p=0,005; amount of formula milk p=0,04; formula milk feeding frequency p 0,012; child energy consumption level p=0,000; child fat consumption level p = 0,103; genetic factors p= 0,001; genetic factors from father p=0,041; genetic factors from mother p= 0,003; genetic factors of both p=0,002; child activity p =0,193; duration of light activity of children p=0,001; duration of child fair activities p= 0,000 and duration of intense activities p=0,087 on the incidence of overnutrition in pre-school children aged 24-59 months. Furthermore, the influential factors on the incidence of overnutrition on pre-school children were the degree osmosis of formula milk (condensed) (OR =150,983; 95% CI: 3,902 to 5842,282, p=0,007), genetic factors of both parents (OR=128,654; 95%CI: 2,120-7807,202; p=0,020), level of energy consumption (OR=26,867; 95%CI: 1,668-432,760; p=0,020), duration of the child light activity (OR=23,775;95%CI:2,190-258,116; p=0,009), family income (OR:17,628; 95%CI:1,156-268,907; p=0,039), and type of work of mother (OR=8,222;95%CI:171-57,725; p=0,034). Based on the result of study, it is suggested to parents who have childern with overnutrition status to provide formula milk with a low degree osmolitas (not condensed).

Overnutrition on child is a new burden of public nutrition issue, especially in the under five age group in addition to the problem of malnutrition. Risk factors of child overweight and obesity are multi factors, where there are several factors that can affect both internal, that is age and sex of child, and external, such as child eating pattern, activity levels and patterns, genetic factors and other factors of the environment. These research was intended to identify factors that influence the incidence of overnutrition on pre-school children. This research was observational analytic with case control design. The population in this research was all students of overnutrition (case group) and non-overnutrition (control group). Sampels were 22 students as case group and 66 students as control group. Data collection used questionnaires of knowledge and physical activities of children. Data analysis technique applied chi-square by bivariate and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression with α =0,05. The research results showed that there was an relationship of socio economic factors related to family income p=0,027; type of work of mother p=0,002; history of exclusive breastfeeding p= 0,002; timing of breastfeeding supplementary food p =0,05; level of osmosis of formula milk p=0,005; amount of formula milk p=0,04; formula milk feeding frequency p 0,012; child energy consumption level p=0,000; child fat consumption level p = 0,103; genetic factors p= 0,001; genetic factors from father p=0,041; genetic factors from mother p= 0,003; genetic factors of both p=0,002; child activity p =0,193; duration of light activity of children p=0,001; duration of child fair activities p= 0,000 and duration of intense activities p=0,087 on the incidence of overnutrition in pre-school children aged 24-59 months. Furthermore, the influential factors on the incidence of overnutrition on pre-school children were the degree osmosis of formula milk (condensed) (OR =150,983; 95% CI: 3,902 to 5842,282, p=0,007), genetic factors of both parents (OR=128,654; 95%CI: 2,120-7807,202; p=0,020), level of energy consumption (OR=26,867; 95%CI: 1,668-432,760; p=0,020), duration of the child light activity (OR=23,775;95%CI:2,190-258,116; p=0,009), family income (OR:17,628; 95%CI:1,156-268,907; p=0,039), and type of work of mother (OR=8,222;95%CI:171-57,725; p=0,034). Based on the result of study, it is suggested to parents who have childern with overnutrition status to provide formula milk with a low degree osmolitas (not condensed).