| dc.description.abstract | Im
p
r
ovin
g
the
S
e
ve
n
th
G
r
ad
e
S
tud
e
n
ts’
T
e
n
s
e
Ac
h
ieve
m
e
n
t
b
y
Usi
n
g
T
e
am
s
G
a
m
e
s
T
ou
r
n
ame
n
t
(
T
G
T
)
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
at
S
M
P
N
1
M
an
gar
an
in
the
2012/2013
Ac
ad
e
m
ic
Ye
a
r
;
I
rma
Dw
i
Ya
nti
,
080210491021
;
2008;
5
4
pa
g
e
s;
Eng
li
sh
Educ
a
ti
on
P
rog
r
a
m
of
L
a
n
g
ua
ge
a
nd
Ar
ts
D
e
pa
rtmen
t
o
f
t
he
F
a
c
ult
y
of
Te
a
c
he
r
T
ra
ini
ng
a
nd
Educ
a
ti
on of
J
e
mber
Uni
ve
rsit
y
.
This
re
se
a
r
c
h
wa
s
a
c
lassro
om
a
c
ti
on
re
s
e
a
rc
h
that
w
a
s
c
ondu
c
ted
c
oll
a
bora
ti
ve
l
y
b
y
the
r
e
se
a
r
c
he
r
with
the
En
g
li
sh
tea
c
he
r.
I
t
us
e
d
Te
a
ms
Ga
mes
Tour
na
ment
(T
GT)
te
c
hnique
to
im
pr
ove
th
e
se
ve
nth
g
r
a
de
stude
nts‟
tense
a
c
hieve
m
e
nt of S
MP
N 1 Ma
nga
ra
n.
This
re
se
a
rc
h
w
a
s
be
g
un
b
y
c
o
nduc
ti
ng
a
n
int
e
rvi
e
w
with
the
Eng
li
sh
tea
c
he
r
of
the se
ve
nth
g
r
a
de
stud
e
nts of S
MP
N 1 Ma
nga
ra
n.
I
t r
e
ve
a
led tha
t t
he
sev
e
nth g
r
a
de
students
of
S
MP
N
1
Ma
ng
a
ra
n
sti
ll
e
x
pe
rie
nc
e
d
diff
iculti
e
s in
lea
rning
te
nses.
The
y
c
ould
not
diff
e
re
nti
a
te
be
twe
e
n
sim
ple
pr
e
se
nt
te
nse
a
nd
pr
e
se
nt
c
onti
nuous
tense
in
wr
it
ing
se
nt
e
nc
e
s.
Th
e
te
a
c
he
r
state
d
that
onl
y
37.
5%
of
the
students
c
ould
re
a
c
h
the
standa
rd
sc
o
re
of
Stand
ar
K
ompe
tensi
M
ini
mum
(
SKM
)
of
70.
I
t
mea
ns
that
the
students‟
tense
a
c
hiev
e
ment
wa
s
sti
ll
low
.
B
e
sides,
the
students
we
re
a
lso
lac
k
of
pa
rticipa
ti
on
in
the
c
lassro
om
during
the
tea
c
hin
g
a
nd
lea
rnin
g
pr
oc
e
ss.
I
t
c
ould
be
se
e
n
fr
om
the
students‟
i
nter
a
c
ti
on
while
the
y
r
e
sponde
d
the
tea
c
he
r
‟
e
x
pl
a
na
ti
on
a
nd
que
sti
ons.
The
te
a
c
he
r
st
a
ted
that
onl
y
a
f
e
w
stud
e
nts
pa
id
a
tt
e
nti
on
to
th
e
tea
c
h
e
r‟
s
e
x
plana
ti
on a
nd a
nswe
r
e
d the que
sti
ons.
To
ove
rc
ome
the
a
bov
e
pr
oblems,
the
re
se
a
rc
he
r
a
ppli
e
d
Te
a
ms
Ga
mes
Tour
na
ment
(T
GT)
tec
h
nique
in
tea
c
hing
tense
s.
This
tec
hnique
wa
s
c
hosen
be
c
a
use
it
wa
s
a
n
e
ff
e
c
ti
ve
te
c
h
nique
for
im
pr
ovin
g
the
students‟
tense
a
c
hiev
e
ment
a
nd
a
c
ti
ve
pa
rticipa
ti
on
since
it
invol
ve
d
a
ll
the
stude
nts
a
c
ti
ve
l
y
in
the
tea
c
hing
lea
rnin
g
pr
oc
e
ss
throu
g
h
discussi
on
a
nd
c
ompetit
ion
a
m
ong
g
r
oups.
As
state
d
b
y
D
e
vr
ies
(1980
:5)
that
T
GT
is
a
t
e
a
c
hin
g
t
e
c
hnique
that
c
a
n
make
im
porta
nt
a
n
d
wide
spre
a
d
c
ha
n
g
e
s
in
students‟
a
tt
it
ude
s
a
nd
a
c
hieve
m
e
nt.
He
a
lso
state
d
that
the
purpo
se
of | en_US |
