Seleksi In Vitro Varietas Tebu PS 881 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma untuk Toleransi Cekaman Aluminium

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is used as the main ingredient in the manufacture of sugar. Acid stress conditions limit the growth and production of sugarcane in the cultivation system. Genetic improvement through gamma irradiation and acid selection in AlCl3 was carried out to overcome the limiting factors of acidic soil. This study aims to determine the growth of sugarcane under acid stress conditions. The design used in this study was a complete randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern. The first factor is the dose level of gamma irradiation which is 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy, and 40 Gy. The second factor is the dose level of AlCl3, namely 0 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l, and 400 mg/l. Observation of explants was carried out in 2 stages, namely the first stage of observation when the explants were still in the culture bottle and the second stage of observation by removing the explants from the culture bottle to get the condition of the plant. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. The results of this study showed that the mutant sugarcane plants resulting from gamma irradiation gave good growth compared to sugarcane without gamma irradiation to increasing doses of AlCl3. An increase in irradiation dose of 30 – 40 Gy showed a greater number of leaves, tiller, roots, and root length under acidic conditions.