Uji Aktivitas Ansiolitik Minyak Atsiri Lada Hitam dengan Metode Rotarod dan Forced Swim Test (FST)

Abstract

Anxiety disorders were emotional states characterized by feelings of intense fear and anxiety caused by perceived threats in the surrounding environment or internal to oneself. Anxiety disorders require appropriate medical treatment. Pharmacological therapy for acute anxiety can use benzodiazepines, one of which is alprazolam. Unfortunately, the use of alprazolam causes side effects. Black pepper essential oil has potential as an alternative treatment for anxiety disorders. Black pepper essential oil contains limonene compounds that have pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, insecticide, antidepressant, and anxiolytic. This study used 2 methods, the rotarod method related to motor coordination and the forced swim test (FST) related to emotions. The purpose of this study was to determine the anxiolytic effect of black pepper essential oil on mice tested by the rotarod method and forced swim test (FST). The results of testing anxiolytic activity with the rotarod method found that the dose of black pepper essential oil at 100 mg/kgBB was significantly different from the negative control group and not substantially different from the positive control group. The amount of activity in the rotarod test does not depend on the dose. Testing anxiolytic activity with the FST method showed that black pepper essential oil doses of 100 and 200 mg/kgBB can increase immobility time. The dose group was significantly different from the negative control group and not substantially different from the positive control. This indicates an anxiolytic effect equivalent to the anxiolytic effect of alprazolam. In the FST method, the higher the dose of black pepper essential oil, the greater the anxiolytic effect, but not significant.