Optimasi Carbopol Dan Propilen Glikol Dalam Formulasi Sediaan Gel Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mengkudu

Abstract

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause skin damage, necessitating protection in the form of sunscreen. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) is known to contain secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids and phenolics, which have potential as antioxidants and sunscreens. This study aims to determine the optimum composition of carbopol as a gelling agent and propylene glycol as a humectant in the sunscreen gel formulation of noni fruit ethanolic extract. The optimization method employed is Factorial Design with two factors and two levels: carbopol concentrations (0.5% and 2%) and propylene glycol concentrations (5% and 15%). The tested response parameters include organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity. The results are expected to yield an optimum formula that meets the physical property requirements of the gel and provides maximum UV protection effectiveness. The results showed that variations in carbopol and propylene glycol concentrations affected the physical properties of the sunscreen gel. The optimum formulation had a carbopol concentration of 1,959% and a propylene glycol concentration of 10,515%.