Korelasi Tingkat Keparahan Trauma Maxillofacial berdasarkan Facial Injury Severity Scale dengan Lama Rawat Inap dan Biaya Pengobatan di RSD dr. Soebandi

Abstract

Maxillofacial trauma is one of the most common types of trauma found in emergency departments. This trauma can be caused by several things, namely traffic accidents, assaults, falls, work-related accidents, and sports injuries. Initial assessment of the severity of maxillofacial trauma can be used as an indicator of the plan and type of treatment to be given to the patient. One of the maxillofacial trauma severity scoring systems that includes an applicable and effective component score is the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS). Maxillofacial trauma that is severe enough to cause serious injury to other parts of the body requires a longer hospital stay. Prolonged hospitalization can be costly. The general objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on the Facial Injury Severity Scale with the length of hospitalization and medical costs at Dr. Soebandi Hospital. The research method used was observational analytic with cross sectional research design. This study was conducted from December 2024 to January 2025 in the medical record room of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. The population in this study were all maxillofacial trauma patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember from January 2021 to December 2023. The sample size of this study was 42 samples taken using the total sampling technique. This study used secondary data sources with medical record instruments. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis using the Spearman correlation test. The results of this study showed that maxillofacial trauma patients at Dr. Soebandi Hospital were mostly male (88.1%) and were in the age range of 25-30 years (52.4%). The most common types of fractures of maxillofacial trauma patients at RSD dr. Soebandi were displaced frontal sinus or bone fractures (28.6%) and mandibular corpus/ramus/symphysis (23.8%) in single fracture patients, and dento-alveolar and zygomatico maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures (19%) in multiple fracture patients. The severity of maxillofacial trauma patients based on the Facial Injury Severity Scale at Dr. Soebandi Hospital mostly falls into the mild viii category, namely with a FISS score ≤ 3 (69%). Treatment therapy given to maxillofacial trauma patients at Dr. Soebandi Hospital mostly used ORIF (97.6%). Maxillofacial trauma patients at Dr. Soebandi Hospital were mostly hospitalized for ≤ 10 days (85.7%) and incurred medical expenses of ≤ 35 million (83.3%). The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on the Facial Injury Severity Scale with the length of hospitalization and medical expenses of maxillofacial trauma patients at RSD dr. Soebandi (p-value <0.05).