Pengaruh Viskositas Denture Adhesive Ekstrak Daun Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Berbagai Konsentrasi Sediaan Krim terhadap Kekuatan Lekat (Adhesion Strenght)

Abstract

Complete denture use aims to restore masticatory function, esthetics, speech, and quality of life in edentulous patients, with success highly dependent on the adaptation process. Denture adhesives are used to improve retention and comfort during this phase, although inadequate denture hygiene may increase Candida albicans colonization. Therefore, the development of herbal based denture adhesives, such as tobacco leaf extract (Nicotiana tabacum L.), may serve as a preventive alternative against denture stomatitis. The effectiveness of denture adhesives is influenced by viscosity, where higher viscosity is associated with increased adhesion strength. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory study with a post-test only control group design. Samples were divided into four groups based on the type and concentration of denture adhesive used: denture adhesives containing tobacco leaf extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%, and a commercial denture adhesive (Polident) as the control group. Viscosity testing was performed using a Rion VT-04F viscometer, while adhesion strength testing was conducted after immersion in artificial saliva at pH 6.8 for 5 minutes. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Levene’s test, Kruskal Wallis test, and Mann–Whitney test. Results: An increase in tobacco leaf extract concentration was associated with an increase in viscosity. Higher viscosity was followed by increased adhesion strength of the denture adhesive. The highest viscosity and adhesion strength values were observed in the commercial denture adhesive, followed by denture adhesives containing 20%, 10%, and 5% tobacco leaf extract. The Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated a significant difference among groups (p < 0.05), and subsequent Mann–Whitney analysis confirmed significant differences between all pairs of groups. Conclusion: Viscosity of tobacco leaf extract (Nicotiana tabacum L.) denture adhesive in cream form at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% significantly affects adhesion strength.