Analisis Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Penggunaan Antibiotik Terapeutik pada Masyarakat Wilayah Agrikultur dan Nonagrikultur Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding irrational use of antibiotics are significant contributors to antibiotic resistance, a major challenge in global public health. Communities in agricultural regions tend to use antibiotics in non therapeutic contexts, but studies examining therapeutic antibiotic use in agricultural and non-agricultural regions remain limited. This study aims to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and practice related to therapeutic antibiotic use among populations in agricultural and non-agricultural regions of Jember Regency. This research employed an analytical observational design with a cross sectional approach, involving 420 respondents selected using convenience sampling across 21 public spaces in Jember Regency. Sociodemographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding therapeutic antibiotic use were collected through structured questionnaires. Univariate analysis revealed that the majority of residents in agricultural regions of Jember Regency exhibited good knowledge, attitude, and practice, whereas residents in non-agricultural regions largely displayed poor knowledge and attitude but good practice. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test found no significant relationship between residence and knowledge, attitude, or practice (p>0.05). However, a significant relationship was identified between knowledge and attitude in agricultural regions and between knowledge, attitude, and practice in non-agricultural regions (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression indicated that gender, age, and occupation were significant factors influencing knowledge (p<0.05), while age and education level were significant factors influencing practice (p<0.05). The non-generalizable sociodemographic characteristics and the complex multifactorial relationships between knowledge, attitude, and practice underpin the findings of this study. This research provides valuable contributions to public health literature, particularly regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice related to therapeutic antibiotic use in agricultural and non-agricultural populations, which have not been extensively studied before. Based on this research, it is suggested for health professionals to educate people particularly about function and consequences of antibiotic use. It is also suggested for government to uphold the regulation of antibiotic use.