Karakterisasi Tanaman Padi BC5F1 Hasil Persilangan Padi Varietas Inpari 33 dan Merah Wangi

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a food crop that produces rice as the main food source for most of the world's population, with consumption in Asia accounting for about 90% of total global rice production. Aromatic rice varieties have high economic value because they produce a distinctive aroma that is mainly caused by the accumulation of the compound 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) due to mutations in the BADH2 gene. This study aims to determine the agronomic character of selected aromatic rice strains from the BC5F1 population resulting from the crossing of Inpari 33 and Merah Wangi and identify plants that carry aromatic genotypes using the Bradbury molecular mark. The results of genotype analysis showed that in the BC5F1 population, 19 plants carried aromatic heterozygous genotype traits and 23 non-mutated homozygous plants. Agronomic evaluation shows that several characters, including flowering age, plant height, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, and weight of 1000 grains indicate a high degree of uniformity. On the other hand, the characteristics of the total number of saplings, the number of productive saplings, the percentage of empty grain, and the weight of filled grain per clump still show variation between individuals. These findings indicate that the process of restoring recurrent elder traits in BC5F1 populations has been partially underway, and confirms the need for further selection in the next generation.