Pra-Rancangan Pabrik Furfural dari Tongkol Jagung Menggunakan Proses Supra Yield dengan Kapasitas 14.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

The furfural plant utilizing corn cobs as raw material is designed with a production capacity of 14,000 tons per year and an operational period of 330 days annually. The daily production capacity reaches 42.4243 tons per day. The production process consists of three main stages: raw material preparation, hydrolysis and dehydration, and product purification. In the initial stage, corn cobs are crushed into powder with a particle size of approximately ±3 mm, mixed with 2% sulfuric acid solution, and processed in a CSTR-type reactor at a temperature of 70°C and a pressure of 1 atm for 1 hour to produce pentose compounds. The pentose is then converted into furfural in a PFR-type reactor at 220°C and 100 psi for 100 seconds. The resulting product is purified through an extraction process using toluene, followed by distillation to obtain furfural with a purity level of 98%. Supporting utilities for the process include process water at 387,530.5239 kg/h, steam at 524,858.096 kg/h, cooling water at 114,399.9518 kg/h, electricity at 566.8987 kWh, diesel fuel at 132.3449 liters/h, and coal at 1,247.7764 kg/day. The selected business entity is a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a total of 169 employees, comprising both shift and non-shift workers. Based on the economic analysis, the project yields an Annual Cash Flow (ACF) of 20.9%, a Pay Out Time (POT) of 3.8 years, a Rate of Return (ROR) of 12.9%, and a Break Even Point (BEP) of 52%. From these results, it can be concluded that the furfural plant with a capacity of 14,000 tons per year is feasible to establish.