Hubungan Antara Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga dan Tingkat Konsumsi dengan Kejadian Gizi Kurang pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan (Studi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalisat Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2023)

Abstract

Undernutrition among children under five remains a significant public health problems because it may affect physical growth, cognitive development, and increase the risk of morbidity. Family socioeconomic status and dietary intake are indirect factors that may influence the occurence of undernutrition in children. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between family socioeconomic status and dietary intake with the incidence of undernutrition among children aged 24- 59 months in the working are of Kalisat Public Health Center, Jember Regency in 2023. This study employed an observational analytic design with a case-control approach. A total of 110 children were selected, consisting of 55 cases and 55 controls. Data on family socioeconomic status were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire, while dietary intake data were obtained using a 2x24-hour food recall. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that family income, father’s education, mother’s education, and mother’s occupation were significantly associated with the incidence of undernutrition (p<0,05), whereas father’s occupation was not significantly associated (p>0,05). Energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake were also significantly associated with the incidence of undernutrition (p<0,05). In conclusion, family socioeconomic status and dietary intake were significantly associated with the incidence of undernutrition among children aged 24 -59 months in the working area of Kalisat Public Health Center, Jember Regency.