Dampak Perlindungan Sosial Program Dana Bagi Hasil Cukai Hasil Tembakau (DBHCHT) pada Buruh UMKM Industri Rokok Tahun 2025-2026(Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Ponggok, Kabupaten Blitar)

Abstract

Tobacco industry MSME workers in Ponggok Subdistrict, Blitar Regency work without formal contracts or social security and receive unstable daily piece-rate wages, a vulnerability worsened by rising excise tariffs and widespread illegal cigarette circulation. As a form of state responsibility, the government distributes the Dana Bagi Hasil Cukai Hasil Tembakau (DBHCHT), which by regulation covers four forms of social protection, yet the extent to which this program genuinely impacts workers' lives remains unclear. This study aims to determine the impact of DBHCHT social protection on the lives of tobacco industry MSME workers in Ponggok Subdistrict, both in terms of the forms of protection received and their impact on economic, educational, health, and social conditions. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Informants consisted of seven tobacco industry MSME workers as key informants, along with an official from the Blitar Regency Social Service and a cigarette factory manager as supporting informants, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman (2014) model, with validity tested through source and technique triangulation. Results show that of the four mandated forms of social protection, only Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) has genuinely reached the workers, while employment social security, health insurance, and job skills training remain unrealized. BLT has proven to generate tangible impacts across four dimensions of workers' lives, though these remain temporary and fail to address the structural vulnerabilities of informal sector workers. This study concludes that the DBHCHT Program has so far only fulfilled a protective function, while its preventive and promotive functions remain suboptimal.