Gambaran Masalah Keperawatan Pasien Cedera Otak yang Dirawat Inap di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury may cause neurological, respiratory, and functional changes that require accurate identification of nursing problems. This study aimed to describe nursing problems among hospitalized patients with traumatic brain injury at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. A quantitative descriptive design with a retrospective approach was used. Data were obtained from electronic medical records from January to December 2025. Purposive sampling was used to select 113 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as frequencies and percentages. Most patients were aged 17–25 years (33.6%), male (61.9%), and had mild traumatic brain injury (64.6%). The first-priority nursing problems were acute pain (47.8%), risk for ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion (35.4%), decreased intracranial adaptive capacity (10.6%), ineffective airway clearance (3.5%), anxiety (1.8%), and ineffective breathing pattern (0.9%). Acute pain was mainly characterized by complaints of pain (100.0%). Risk for ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion was primarily associated with head injury (100.0%), while decreased intracranial adaptive capacity was mostly characterized by decreased consciousness (78.9%) and impaired cognitive function (73.7%). These findings emphasize the importance of pain assessment, neurological monitoring, and prevention of impaired cerebral perfusion in hospitalized patients with traumatic brain injury.