Hubungan Riwayat Menyusui dengan Kejadian Kanker Payudara di Rumah Sakit Jember

Abstract

Breast cancer remains one of the most common malignancies among women and is influenced by various reproductive factors, including breastfeeding history. Breastfeeding is believed to exert a protective effect against breast cancer through hormonal regulation, reduction of lifetime estrogen exposure, and terminal differentiation of mammary epithelial cells. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding history and the incidence of breast cancer at Baladhika Husada Hospital, Jember. An observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 83 female respondents who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical record reviews, covering breastfeeding duration, reproductive characteristics, and breast cancer status. The association between breastfeeding history and breast cancer incidence was analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that most respondents had a breastfeeding history of ≥2 years (74.7%). Breast cancer cases were found both among women with longer and shorter breastfeeding durations; however, statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between breastfeeding history and breast cancer incidence (p < 0.05). Women with shorter breastfeeding duration tended to have a higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those who breastfed for a longer period. The results of this study highlight the importance of breastfeeding as part of reproductive health practices and support its consideration in breast cancer prevention strategies. Future studies are recommended to explore other potential risk factors, including genetic predisposition, hormonal contraceptive use, lifestyle factors, and molecular subtypes of breast cancer, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of breast cancer risk. Multivariate analysis is suggested to identify the most influential factors contributing to breast cancer incidence.