Perbandingan Pendinginan Pasif Berbasis PCM dan Arang Aktif Terhadap Efisiensi Panel Surya

Abstract

Solar panels are one of the renewable energy technologies with great potential. However, an increase in operational temperature can reduce voltage, output power, and energy conversion efficiency. This study aims to analyze the comparative performance of passive cooling using Acacia charcoal powder, composite, and paraffin PCM on solar panels. The method used was an indoor experiment with halogen lamps as artificial radiation sources, with variations for Panel 1, Panel 2, and Panel 3. The results showed that Panel 3 produced the lowest peak temperature, which was 84.44°C. Panel 1 produced the highest average power of 6.05 W with an efficiency of 3.14%, followed by Panel 3 at 6.04 W with an efficiency of 3.10%, while Panel 2 produced the lowest performance with a power of 4.87 W and an efficiency of 2.55%. In conclusion, the variation of passive cooling materials affects the thermal and electrical performance of solar panels; a composition of 50% PCM and 50% Acacia charcoal powder is effective in suppressing panel temperature, while pure Acacia charcoal powder provides the highest power and efficiency performance.