Pengembangan Elemen Citra Kota Berdasarkan Persepsi Masyarakat (Studi Kasus: Kawasan Perkotaan Kota Malang)

Abstract

Malang City is one of the major cities in East Java, known as a city of education, tourism, and history. Rapid urban development has the potential to affect the city's visual identity and image as perceived by the community. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the elements that shape the city image and formulate development directions based on community perceptions. This study aims to identify potential objects forming the image of Malang City based on Kevin Lynch's theory, determine the most representative objects using the Delphi method, and formulate development directions for city image elements based on community perceptions. This study employed a mixed-methods approach by combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. The research was conducted in Klojen, Lowokwaru, and Kedungkandang Districts. Data were collected through field observations, interviews with four experts from the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA), Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency (PUPR), Transportation Agency, and Tourism and Culture Agency of Malang City, as well as questionnaires distributed to 100 community respondents. The analysis consisted of identifying city image elements based on Kevin Lynch's theory, applying the Delphi method to determine representative objects, and using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) to establish development priorities. The results indicate that there are 25 potential objects forming the image of Malang City, consisting of path, edge, district, node, and landmark elements. The Delphi analysis identified 15 representative objects considered to best represent the image of Malang City. Meanwhile, the IPA results revealed that the Borobudur–Soekarno Hatta Corridor, Dieng Intersection, Ken Arok Sports Hall, and Pasar Besar Area of Malang City are the main development priorities. Development efforts are focused on objects classified in Quadrant I, including improvements in infrastructure quality, supporting facilities, visual quality of the area, and activity management.