Analisis Penggunaan Antibiotika Secara Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif pada Pasien Rawat Inap Bedah di RSD Dr Soebandi Jember

Abstract

Prophylactic antibiotics are generally administered to patients undergoing surgical procedures to reduce the risk of surgical site infections. This study aims to analyze antibiotic use qualitatively and quantitatively using the ATC/DDD, DU 90%, and Gyssens methods among surgical inpatients at RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember. This research is a mixed-method study (quantitative and qualitative) employing a cross-sectional design. Data were collected retrospectively from the medical records of surgical inpatients at RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember between January and June 2025. The sample was determined using a purposive Sampling method, resulting in 336 patients. Data sources included physical medical records, electronic medical records, and the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS). Quantitative analysis was conducted using the ATC/DDD and DU 90% methods, while qualitative analysis was performed using the Gyssens method. The results showed that the majority of surgical patients at RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember were female (64.29%) compared to male (35.71%), with a predominant length of stay of 4 days. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy was administered to 96.43% of surgical patients, while 3.57% did not receive prophylaxis. The most frequently used antibiotics were Cefazoline, with a DDD of 13.24/100 bed-days, and Ceftriaxone, with 9.52/100 bed-days, both of which were included in the DU 90% segment. The number of patients receiving rational antibiotic therapy was 182 cases (54.17%). However, several issues were identified: ineffective antibiotic use for surgical procedures was found in 134 cases (39.88%), availability of more cost-effective alternatives in 50 cases (14.88%), and prolonged antibiotic use post-surgery in 16 cases (4.76%).