Pengaruh Inokulasi Jamur Mikoriza dan Kompos Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung dan Serapan Fosfor

Abstract

Mycorrhizal inoculation in corn plants can increase corn P absorption by up to 80% through two main mechanisms: the expansion of external hyphal networks that penetrate soil pores beyond the reach of roots and the secretion of phosphatase enzymes and organic acids (citric, oxalic) that dissolve bound P. The combination of compost and mycorrhizae is expected to create a more fertile soil environment and support optimal corn growth. This study aims to determine the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation about the effects on growth and phosphorus absorption in corn plants. And to determine the effect of compost on the growth and absorption of P in corn plants. The research took place in the greenhouse located at the Faculty of Agriculture, Jember University, and the Soil Fertility and Health Laboratory. Data analysis was carried out using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments, and each treatment had 3 replications, resulting in 21 experimental pots. Data analysis was carried out using ANOVA tests followed by DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) to see the differences between each treatment. The results of the study showed that the addition of mycorrhiza and compost to the plant media did not have a significant effect on increasing the water content of corn plants after harvest. The addition of compost and mycorrhizae to the growing medium significantly impacts P uptake in corn plant tissue. This increases the availability of P nutrients and the more efficient absorption of P within the growing medium. Adding compost to the growing medium can improve soil properties, both physically, chemically, and biologically, to facilitate easier P uptake. Absorption is strongly influenced by root development, soil moisture, soil pH, and the presence of microorganisms such as mycorrhizae. Mycorrhizae can enhance nutrient uptake in plants through their external hyphae, expanding the absorption area of corn roots.