PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN MANGGA KUINI (Mangifera odorata Griff.) TERHADAP HISTOLOGI GINJAL MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) HIPERGLIKEMIA SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI BOOK CHAPTER

Abstract

Modernization triggered an increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The use of conventional antidiabetic drugs such as glibenclamide was known to cause side effects, necessitating safe herbal alternatives. Kuini mango leaves (Mangifera odorata) represented a hybrid plant whose potential had not been widely studied, particularly regarding their histopathological influences on the kidneys. This study aimed to determine the influence of a 70% ethanol extract of Kuini mango leaves on repairing the renal histological structure of alloxan-induced mice (Mus musculus). This laboratory experimental research was conducted at the University of Jember using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Healthy Balb/C strain mice aged 2–3 months and weighing 20–30 grams were divided into six treatment groups, namely a normal control group, a positive control group (glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kg BW), a negative control group (alloxan 150 mg/kg BW), and three extract dose groups (100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW) administered for 14 days. Kidney histological preparations were analyzed using a tissue damage scoring method that included cellular desquamation, tubular necrosis, perivascular edema, vascular congestion, and protein casts in the tubular lumen. The results showed a significant difference between the extract treatment groups and both the negative and positive control groups. The kidney histopathological repair showed a dose-dependent trend, where higher extract doses led to greater improvements. The P3 treatment (300 mg/kg BW) was the most optimal dose, yielding the lowest damage score closest to the positive control group. This study concluded that Kuini mango leaf extract was capable of repairing alloxan-induced renal histological damage, showcasing its strong potential as a nephroprotective agent.