Hubungan Self-Esteem Dengan Kecemasan Pada Ibu Hamil Primigravida DI Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kaliwates Jember

Abstract

Introduction: The first pregnancy (primigravida) triggers various physical and psychological changes that are prone to causing anxiety. Self-esteem plays an important role in helping primigravida mothers adapt to body transformations and prepare to become new mothers. Although theoretically self-esteem is associated with reduced anxiety, the massive role transition can trigger different psychological dynamics. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety among primigravida pregnant women in the working area of Kaliwates Community Health Center, Jember. Methods: This is a quantitative correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 87 primigravida mothers selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2). Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 17–25 years (52.9%), in their third trimester (49.4%), had a high school education (67.8%), and were housewives (69.0%). Most respondents had moderate self-esteem (70.1%) and experienced severe anxiety (65.5%). The Spearman Rank test showed a significant, weak, and negative correlation between self-esteem and anxiety (r = -0.287; p-value = 0.007). Maternal anxiety was heavily focused on the fear of childbirth and bodily changes, while worries about the baby's safety were at the lowest level. Conclusion: There is a significant negative relationship between self-esteem and anxiety in primigravida mothers. This proves that the higher the self-esteem possessed by the mother, the lower her anxiety intensity tends to be. Healthy self-esteem acts as a crucial psychological buffer to protect primigravida mothers from irrational panic when facing the challenges of their first pregnancy.