Siklooksigenase-2 sebagai biomarker periodontitis

Abstract

Background Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a role in the production of prostaglandins (PG) such as Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the number increasing during inflamation. Periodontitis is an inflammation on periodontal tissue of teeth that characterized by loss of attachment and alveolar bone resorption. The event of periodontitis followed by an increase in PGE2 levels found on the gingiva or gingival crevicular fluid. Objective this study to knowing influence increased COX-2 against periodontitis Literature review In Inflamatory process like periodontitis, bacteria and the product is activated macrophage to produce proinflamatory sitokin like Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α). Activated machrophage also induce production PGE2 through cyclooxygenase pathway. Cyclooxygenase plays the first of two stages of catalyze the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and is contained in 2 forms of COX-1 and COX-2. Cyclooxygenase-1 plays a role in maintaining the balance of physiological function of the body (homeostasis) and found in all tissues of the body while Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a role in the production of prostaglandins (PG) such as PGE2. Prostaglandin E2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease because it leads to increased vascular permeability, vasodilatory, edema and to improve the working of the alveolar bone resorption by osteoclasts. Conclusion Cyclooxygenase-2 expression increased in periodontitis.