| dc.description.abstract | Thin
k-P
a
i
rSh
are
t
echni
que
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
t
y
pe
s
o
f
i
n
co
o
pera
t
i
v
e
l
ear
ni
ng
t
h
at
creat
es
a
m
o
re
act
i
ve
pro
ces
s.
This
t
ec
hni
que
ca
n
b
e
app
l
i
e
d
i
n
a
l
arge
c
l
a
ss
t
o
s
o
l
v
e
st
uden
t
s’
pro
bl
e
m
i
n
read
i
n
g
a
n
d
m
ak
e
t
h
e
m
t
o
b
e
m
o
re
i
n
t
eract
i
ve
to
l
ear
n
.
It
i
s
a
goo
d
t
ech
ni
que,
t
h
at
can
h
e
l
p
t
h
e
st
uden
t
s
to
s
o
l
v
e
t
h
e
i
r
pro
bl
e
m
s
a
n
d
h
e
l
p
o
n
e
an
o
t
h
er.
Th
e
r
es
earc
h
pro
bl
e
m
o
f
t
hi
s
re
se
arc
h
wa
s
f
o
rm
u
l
at
ed
as
f
o
ll
o
w
“
Is
t
h
ere
a
ny
s
i
g
nific
a
n
t
e
f
f
ect
o
f
us
i
ng
Think-Pa
i
rShare
t
echni
que
o
n
t
h
e
e
i
g
h
t
h
grade
st
uden
t
s’
read
i
n
g
co
m
pre
h
e
ns
i
o
n
a
c
hi
e
v
e
m
e
n
t
at
SMPN
3
Ban
gs
a
l
sa
r
i
Jem
ber
?
”,
w
hil
e
t
he
o
bj
ect
i
v
e
o
f
t
h
e
re
se
arc
h
wa
s
t
o
i
nv
es
t
i
gat
e
w
h
et
her
t
h
ere
was
a
s
i
g
ni
fi
ca
n
t
e
f
f
ect
o
f
us
i
n
g
Think-Pa
i
rS
h
are
t
echni
que
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
e
i
g
h
t
h
grade
st
ude
n
t
s’
read
i
ng
co
m
pre
h
e
ns
i
o
n
ac
hi
e
ve
m
e
n
t
o
f
SMPN
3
Ba
n
gsal
s
ar
i
Jem
ber.
Th
e
area
o
f
t
hi
s
resea
rc
h
was
SMPN
3
B
a
n
gsal
s
ar
i
Jem
ber.
The
res
earc
h
desi
g
n
was
t
h
e
e
x
per
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
re
se
arc
h
w
hi
c
h
was
c
o
n
duct
ed
to
i
nv
es
t
i
gat
e
wh
et
h
er
o
r
n
o
t
t
h
ere
i
s
a
s
i
g
nific
a
n
t
e
f
f
ect
o
f
us
i
ng
ThinkPa
i
rSh
are
t
echni
que
o
n
t
h
e
e
i
g
h
t
h
grade
st
uden
t
s’
readi
n
g
co
m
pre
h
e
n
s
i
o
n
ac
hi
e
ve
m
en
t
at
SMPN
3
Ba
n
gs
a
l
sa
r
i
Jem
ber
i
n
t
h
e
2012/2013
a
cadem
i
c
y
ear.
The
respo
n
de
n
t
s
o
f
t
hi
s
rese
arc
h
were
t
h
e
e
i
g
h
t
h
grade
st
uden
t
s
o
f
SMPN
3
Ban
gs
a
l
sa
r
i
Jem
ber
i
n
t
h
e
2012/2013
aca
de
m
i
c
y
ear.
Th
e
rese
arc
h
respo
n
de
n
t
s
were
det
erm
i
ned
by
c
l
u
st
er
ran
do
m
sam
p
li
ng
t
h
ro
ugh
l
o
tt
ery
.
Th
e
t
ot
al
n
u
m
ber
o
f
t
h
e
respo
n
de
n
t
s
wa
s
61
st
uden
t
s
co
n
s
i
st
ed
o
f
31
st
uden
t
s
o
f
VII
I
C
as
t
h
e
e
x
per
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
gro
up
t
augh
t
by
us
i
ng
T
hin
k-P
a
i
rS
h
are
t
echni
que,
w
hil
e
t
h
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
gro
up
c
o
n
s
i
st
ed
o
f
30
st
uden
t
s
o
f
VII
I
B
t
augh
t
by
us
i
ng
Co
nv
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
ech
ni
que (
L
ect
ur
i
n
g an
d Que
st
i
o
n
-Answe
r)
.
Th
e
dat
a
o
f
t
hi
s
resea
rc
h
were
co
l
l
ect
ed
f
ro
m
t
h
e
st
uden
t
s’
sc
o
res
o
f
read
i
n
g
co
m
pre
h
e
ns
i
o
n
t
es
t
,
i
n
t
ervi
ew,
do
cu
m
e
n
t
at
i
o
n
an
d
o
b
se
r
v
at
i
o
n
.
Th
e
read
i
n
g
co
m
pre
h
e
ns
i
o
n
t
es
t
was
ad
m
i
n
i
st
ered
f
ro
m
pr
e-t
es
t
an
d
po
st
t
es
t
to
kn
o
w
t
h
e
co
m
par
i
so
n
b
et
ween
t
h
e
t
wo
gro
ups
b
e
f
o
re
a
n
d
a
f
t
er
t
h
e
t
reat
m
e
n
t
,
an
d
t
h
e
resu
l
t
w
as
an
a
ly
z
ed
by
u
s
i
n
g
t
-t
es
t
f
o
rm
u
l
a.
Ba
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
c
o
m
put
at
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
t
t
es
t
f
o
rm
u
l
a
o
f
t
h
e
sc
o
res
o
f
t
h
e
pre
t
es
t
an
d
po
st
t
es
t
o
n
read
i
n
g
co
m
pre
h
e
ns
i
o
n
a
c
hi
e
v
e
m
e
n
t
t
es
t
,
i
t
sh
o
wed
t
h
at
t
h
e
st
a
t
i
st
i
ca
l
v
a
l
ue
o
f
t
-t
es
t
was
2.55
whi
l
e
t
h
e
va
l
u
e
o
f
t
t
abl
e
at
s
i
g
nific
a
n
t
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
5%
w
i
t
h
d
f
59
was
2.
00.
I
t
i
nd
i
cat
ed
t
h
at
t
h
ere
was
a
s
i
g
nific
a
n
t
e
f
f
ect
o
f
us
i
ng
Think-Pa
i
rS
h
are
t
echni
que
o
n
t
h
e
e
i
g
h
t
h
grade
st
uden
t
s’
read
i
ng
co
m
pre
h
e
ns
i
o
n
ac
hi
e
ve
m
e
n
t
a
t
SPMN
3
Ba
n
gsal
sar
i
Jem
ber.
Ba
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
resu
l
t
o
f
t
hi
s
resea
rc
h
,
t
h
e
En
g
l
i
s
h
t
eac
h
er
i
s
suggest
ed
to
use
an
d
app
ly
t
h
e
T
hi
nk-P
a
i
rShare
t
echni
que
i
n
t
eac
hi
ng
read
i
ng
t
o
m
ake
t
h
e
st
ude
n
t
s
to
b
e
m
o
re
act
i
v
e
i
n
de
ve
l
o
p
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
r
t
hi
n
k
i
ng
a
b
o
ut
t
h
e
readi
n
g
t
ex
t
,
an
d
m
ake
t
h
e
s
i
t
uat
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
c
l
a
ss
m
o
re
a
l
i
ve.
It
was
pro
v
ed
t
h
at
Think-Pa
i
rSh
are
t
ec
hni
que
ca
n
m
ake
t
h
e
st
uden
t
s
abl
e
t
o
un
derst
an
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
m
preh
e
n
d
i
ng
t
h
e
m
at
er
i
a
l
w
he
n
t
h
e
y
do
t
h
e
t
as
ks
i
n
a
gro
up.
Mo
re
o
v
er,
i
t
i
s
suggest
ed
t
h
at
t
h
e
resu
l
t
o
f
t
hi
s
re
se
arc
h
ca
n
b
e
used
by
t
h
e
f
ut
ure
resea
rch
ers
as a r
e
f
ere
n
c
e
o
r
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
i
o
n
i
n
co
n
du
ct
i
n
g
t
h
e
sa
m
e
st
udy
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
ut
ure
resea
rchers
by
u
s
i
n
g
d
i
ffere
n
t
l
an
guag
e
sk
ill
s
such
as
t
h
e
e
f
f
ect
o
f
Thin
k-P
a
i
rSh
are
t
echni
que
o
n
t
h
e
st
uden
t
s’
spe
a
k
i
n
g
ac
hi
e
v
e
m
e
n
t
to
di
f
f
ere
n
t
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
st
uden
t
s. | en_US |
