Hubungan Pola Konsumsi Makanan Cepat Saji dan Faktor Genetik dengan Gizi Lebih pada Anak TK Al Furqan Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Childhood overweight is children’s weight relatively excessive compared to age or height of children at the same age. Childhood overweight also defined as the comparison of a person’s weight to height that is above + 2 SD (Standard Deviation) of WHO-NCHS. This condition occurs because the amount of food intake is more than the energy expenditure. This research was aimed to analyze the relation of fast food consumption pattern and genetic factors with childhood overweight suffered by students of TK Al Furqan Jember Regency. This study was classified as an observational analytical research using a cross sectional approach. The population was all students of TK Al Furqan, Jember Regency, in the 2007-2008 academic year as well as their parents with a total of 278 family units. The sample was 108 students along with their parents. The collection of sample was conducted by using a simple random sampling technique. The dependent variable of the research was overweight, and the independent variable was consumption pattern of fast food (type and frequency of consumption) and genetic factors. The bivariate analysis was carried out by means of chi square test and the multivariate analysis was by means of a multiple logistic regression test with α = 0,05. The result of the analysis indicated that there was a relation of consumption pattern of fried chicken p = 0,000; cheese burger p = 0,008; french fries p = 0,000; sausage p = 0,000; chicken nugget p = 0,000; and genetic factors p = 0,022 with overweight suffered by students of TK Al Furqan, Jember Regency. The most influential factor that affects overweight in students of TK Al Furqan, Jember Regency were the consumption pattern of cheese burger (p = 0,011; OR = 1292,347; 95%Cl; 5,123-326001,0), french fries (p = 0,008; OR = 12389,852; 95%Cl; 11,699-13000000), and genetic factors (p = 0,014; OR = 114,857; 95%Cl; 2,649-4980,260). The prevention of childhood overweight must be carried out by reducing fast food consumption and also increasing physical activity that burns energy.