Faktor Resiko Terjadinya Miopia Pada Remaja di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbersari

Abstract

Background: The most common eye health problem is vision problems, there are 285 million people worldwide. One of the eye disorders is myopia which affects around 90% of the population in developing countries. School Myopia or Juvenile-Onset is myopia that appears in teenagers. Factors that influence the occurrence of myopia include age, gender, parental history, economic status and gadget usage activities. The aim of this research is to determine the risk factors for myopia in adolescents in the Sumbersari Health Center Working Area. Methods: This type of research is descriptive quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The total sample was 50 myopic teenagers aged 12-18 years and used a total sampling technique. This research was conducted in April-May 2024. Data was collected using the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short-Version (SAS-SV) questionnaire. Meanwhile, to determine the correlation between risk factors and the incidence of myopia, the data analysis used was the Spearmen Rank Test. Results: Based on the results of data analysis, risk factors that can cause myopia include age (p-value 0.049), several times more susceptible than other factors. Myopia tends to increase with age. This is caused by continuous elongation of the eyeball and changes in components causing changes in reflection. Conclusion: Factors that can cause myopia in teenagers are age, gender, parental history, economic status, and gadget use activities. Among these factors, the most vulnerable is age (p-value 0.049). During this time, physical growth and significant hormonal changes often cause changes in the length and shape of the eyeball.