Tingkat Kecemasan terhadap Resiko Penularan COVID-19 pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus: Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety has arisen, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. This can happen because diabetes mellitus itself makes patients experience the severity of the disease if they are infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The level of anxiety has an impact on the condition of diabetes mellitus so that it can affect the risk of transmission of COVID-19. This study aims to describe the anxiety levels on the risk of COVID-19 transmission in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods: This study uses a literature review study design with 4 search databases namely Pubmed, Science Direct, ProQuest, SagePub. Article used at least in 2019 and discusses anxiety in diabetes mellitus patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anxiety and its synonyms, COVID-19 and its synonyms, diabetes mellitus and its synonyms. Result: The results of the research design were 10 articles, 7 studies discussing the level of anxiety in diabetes mellitus patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, 3 discussing anxiety in diabetes patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research design used was cross-sectional with 8 studies and 2 cohort studies. It was found that the level of anxiety most commonly experienced by patients with diabetes mellitus is low anxiety. From this article there are factors that affect anxiety such as low social support, disease severity if infected, poor sleep quality, limited physical activity, disruption of access to health services for people with diabetes mellitus, and also financial problems due to the enactment of regional restrictions. Discussion: The existence of factors that influence anxiety can have an impact on the level of anxiety itself. The low level of anxiety experienced by most diabetes mellitus patients is due to the higher level of education at bachelor’s degree. The higher the level of education, the lower the level of anxiety experienced.