Determinan Sanitasi Kandang Sebagai Faktor Risiko Zoonosis Cryptosporidium spp. pada Balita Stunting di Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Intestinal protozoan infections are a health problem especially in developing countries, which one is Cryptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan parasite that infects the gastrointestinal tract of various vertebrates including humans and has been considered a zoonotic protozoan, transmitted through water and direct human-animal contact. Stall sanitation is required to prevent the transmission of these protozoa. Several components of stall sanitation, such as stall location, stall direction, stall building construction, handling of livestock waste, and stall hygiene. Zoonosis is widely associated with stunting, where stunting is always a concern for the government every year. The aim of this study was to analyze the determinants of stall sanitation (stall location, stall direction, stall building, waste handling, and stall hygiene) as a risk factor for zoonosis of Cryptosporidium spp. in stunting toddlers. This research is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach conducted in Panti District, Jember Regency in September-December 2023. The types of data are primary and secondary data obtained from health centers, interviews, and observations. Samples taken were feces of toddlers and livestock examined using the modified ziehl-neelsen staining method. Statistical tests used chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. The results of bivariate and multivariate analysis showed that the risk factor for stall sanitation associated with Cryptosporidium spp. infection in stunting toddlers was the direction of the stall (p≤0.05), other variables did not have a significant correlation with infection in toddlers (p>0.05). Cryptosporidium spp. infection in stunting toddlers can be caused by other factors such as personal hygiene and immunity status. Preventive measures such as maintaining environmental hygiene including cages need to be improved to reduce the risk of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in stunting toddlers.