Hubungan Penyakit Infeksi dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Balung Kabupaten Jember Tahun 2022

Abstract

Background: The problem of malnutrition is a concern of the World Health Organization (WHO), because it is still the cause of the highest mortality rate in children in developing countries. In 2019, under-nutrition toddlers was the largest contributor to under-five mortality globally and contributed to 45% of deaths, one of which was stunting. One of the provinces in Indonesia that has the largest stunting prevalence rate compared to other provinces is East Java. Among the sub-districts in Jember Regency, Balung District has the highest prevalence of stunting. Factors causing stunting include the practice of giving complementary foods, breastfeeding techniques, and the presence of infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are a direct risk factor for stunting. Infectious diseases related to stunting based on the WHO conceptual framework that often occur are diarrhea, TB (Tuberculosis), and respiratory tract disorders (ARI). Methods: This study used observational analytic research, with design case control. The sample were 76 respondents case groups and 76 respondents control groups. The study used a chi-square analysis test to see the relationship between infectious diseases and the incidence of stunting in children under five. Result: The results showed that there was a fairly strong and non-unidirectional relationship (sig value = 0.01; correlation value = -0.263) between the age of toddlers and the incidence of stunting, while there was no relationship between the gender of toddlers and the incidence of stunting. There is no relationship between maternal age, maternal height, mother's last education, family income, number of family members with stunting in children under five, but mothers with working status (p-value = 0.004; OR = 0.208; 95% CI = 0.066-0.657 ) is a protective factor for stunting in toddlers. There is no relationship between ARI and TB infection with stunting in children under five, while there is a statistical relationship (p-value = 0.000; OR = 4.8; 95% CI = 2,237-10.299) between diarrheal infections and stunting in children under five in the region. Conclusion : the provision of training on prevention and handling of diarrhea in toddlers in the working area of the Balung Health Center to posyandu cadres and providing education to mothers of toddlers about proper and healthy eating etiquette and training toddlers to maintain a clean and healthy lifestyle.