Asuhan Keperawatan Nausea (Gastroenteritis) dengan Edukasi SFM (Small Frequnt Meals) di RSUD dr.R. Soedarso Kota Pasuruan

Abstract

Gastroenteritis merupakan peradangan pada saluran pencernaan yang sering menimbulkan keluhan (nausea), muntah, dan penurunan nafsu makan sehingga dapat mengganggu pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi pasien. Salah satu intervensi nonfarmakologis yang dapat diterapkan adalah edukasi SFM (Small Frequent Meals), yaitu pemberian makan dalam porsi kecil tetapi lebih sering serta mengatur jadwal makan dan pendampingan makan untuk mengurangi beban kerja lambung dan membantu menurunkan keluhan . Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gastroenteritis dengan masalah keperawatan nausea melalui penerapan edukasi Small Frequent Meals (SFM) di RSUD dr. R. Soedarsono Kota Pasuruan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan yang meliputi pengkajian, diagnosis, intervensi, implementasi, dan evaluasi pada pasien gastroenteritis dengan masalah keperawatan nausea. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, dan dokumentasi. Intervensi utama berupa edukasi SFM yang diterapkan selama proses asuhan keperawatan. Hasil:Setelah dilakukan asuhan keperawatan selama tiga hari, pasien menunjukkan penurunan frekuensi , berkurangnya keinginan untuk muntah, peningkatan nafsu makan, serta mampu mengonsumsi makanan dalam porsi kecil tetapi sering sesuai prinsip SFM. Kesimpulan: Penerapan edukasi SFM (Small Frequent Meals) efektif sebagai intervensi nonfarmakologis dalam membantu mengurangi keluhan nausea pada pasien gastroenteritis. Edukasi ini dapat dijadikan salah satu intervensi keperawatan mandiri untuk meningkatkan toleransi makan dan membantu pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi pasien selama masa perawatan

Introduction: Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that often causes complaints of nausea, vomiting, and decreased appetite, which can interfere with meeting the patient's nutritional needs. One non-pharmacological intervention that can be applied is Small Frequent Meals (SFM) education, which involves consuming small portions of food more frequently to reduce the workload of the stomach and help alleviate nausea. Objective: To describe nursing care for a patient with gastroenteritis experiencing the nursing problem of nausea through the implementation of Small Frequent Meals (SFM) education at dr. R. Soedarsono Regional General Hospital, Pasuruan City. Methods: This study employed a case study method using the nursing process approach, which included assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation of a patient with gastroenteritis and the nursing problem of nausea. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. The main intervention was SFM education, which was implemented throughout the nursing care process. Results: After three days of nursing care, the patient showed a decrease in the frequency of nausea, a reduced urge to vomit, an improvement in appetite, and the ability to consume food in small but frequent portions according to the SFM principle. Conclusion: The implementation of SFM (Small Frequent Meals) education was effective as a nonpharmacological intervention in helping reduce nausea complaints in patients with gastroenteritis. This education can be used as an independent nursing intervention to improve food tolerance and support the fulfillment of patients' nutritional needs during hospitalization.