Analisis Efektivitas Kelas Ibu Hamil dan Strategi Optimalisasi dalam Upaya Peningkatan Cakupan K6 Berdasarkan Pendekatan Sistem di Puskesmas Kabupaten Bondowoso

Abstract

Analysis of The Effectiveness of Antenatal Classes and Optimization Strategies in Efforts to Increase K6 Coverage Based on a Systems Approach: Public Health Centers in Bondowoso District ; Afifah Faza Maulidha; 232520102016; 2026; 60 pages; Posgtraduate in Public Health; University of Jember. Complete antenatal care visit coverage (K6) is an important indicator in efforts to improve maternal health and reduce maternal mortality. However, the achievement of K6 coverage in Bondowoso Regency has not yet reached the established targets, despite the implementation of antenatal classes for pregnant women across all community health center (puskesmas) service areas. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of antenatal classes in improving K6 coverage and to formulate optimization strategies for their implementation based on a systems approach in community health centers in Bondowoso Regency. This study employed an analytical approach with a cross-sectional design. Data were analyzed to examine the relationships between input components and effectiveness (process and output) in the implementation of antenatal classes. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were used in a limited capacity as a supporting method, particularly to confirm the quantitative analysis results and to formulate optimization strategies for antenatal class implementation in efforts to improve K6 coverage. The results showed that the effectiveness of antenatal classes in Bondowoso District was not yet optimal. Each input component significantly influenced effectiveness: Man (human resources), Money (funding), Method (implementation strategies), Materials (educational resources), and Machine (facilities and equipment) (p<0.05). Through the FGDs, optimization strategies were formulated based on empowerment, advocacy, and social support approaches, which were operationalized into programs focusing on facilitator capacity strengthening, policy and funding support, and improvement of learning resources and facilities. These strategies were designed to address existing constraints in the implementation of antenatal classes. The study concludes that antenatal classes have not yet been optimally effective in supporting the achievement of K6 coverage; however, the implementation of a systems-based optimization program has the potential to improve the quality, sustainability, and contribution of antenatal classes to K6 coverage in Bondowoso Regency. Keywords : Antenatal classes, K6 coverage, Systems approach