Analisis Geometri Jalan terhadap Fuel Ratio dan Biaya Konsumsi Bahan Bakar pada Kegiatan Pengangkutan Batubara

Abstract

Coal transportation is one of the main activities in open-pit mining and requires intensive use of haul trucks, resulting in substantial fuel consumption and operating costs. Inefficient haul road geometry can increase travel resistance, cycle time, fuel consumption, and fuel ratio. This study aims to analyze the fuel ratio of haul trucks based on the existing haul road geometry at PT XYZ, evaluate the potential improvement in fuel efficiency through haul road geometry improvement, and compare fuel ratio and fuel consumption costs before and after the improvement. The study employed a quantitative approach using descriptive and comparative analysis. Secondary data consisting of haul road geometry, haul truck cycle time, production, fuel consumption, and truck specifications were analyzed using mining software and Microsoft Excel. The evaluation covered road width, grade, cross fall, superelevation, rolling resistance, grade resistance, rimpull, travel time, fuel ratio, and fuel consumption costs. The results showed that the existing fuel ratio was 1,6783 Liter/MT, with an average cycle time of 87.46 minutes. Road geometry improvement included adjustments to road width, reduction of the average grade from 5.23% to 1,23%, application of a 2% cross fall, and 4% superelevation on curved sections. The improvement reduced cycle time to 83,70 minutes and increased simulated production from 10.625 MT to 11.102,23 MT. Fuel ratio decreased to 1,4931 Liter/MT, representing a 11,03% reduction. Fuel consumption costs also decreased from Rp447.549.319,20 to Rp416.062.999,81, resulting in potential savings of Rp31.486.319,39. Therefore, improving haul road geometry can enhance fuel efficiency and reduce fuel consumption costs in coal transportation activities at PT XYZ.