Karakterisasi Tanaman Padi F1 Hasil Persilangan Padi Inpari 42 dengan Padi Hitam Kupang

Abstract

Black rice is one of the functional food sources with high anthocyanin content; however, it generally still has agronomic weaknesses, such as low productivity and less ideal plant characteristics. The crossing between Inpari 42 rice and Kupang Black Rice was conducted as an effort to combine the superior agronomic traits of Inpari 42 with the functional trait of anthocyanin content from Kupang Black Rice. This study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of F1 rice plants derived from the crossing of Inpari 42 rice and Kupang Black Rice. The research was conducted through agronomic character observation, anthocyanin content analysis, and molecular analysis using the RM180 primer. Agronomic character data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results of molecular analysis showed that the F1 plants produced one DNA band, indicating that the heterozygous pattern could not be clearly detected. However, phenotypically, the F1 plants showed a combination of traits from both parents. The F1 plants had potential agronomic traits, including plant height in the medium category, number of productive tillers in the very high category, panicle length in the long category, and filled grain weight per clump higher than both parents. The anthocyanin content of the F1 plants reached 0,0409 mg/g, which was higher than that of Kupang Black Rice at 0,0206 mg/g and Inpari 42 at 0.0004 mg/g. Based on these results, the F1 plants derived from the crossing of Inpari 42 and Kupang Black Rice have potential as breeding material for black rice with favorable agronomic traits and anthocyanin content.