Hubungan Status Nutrisi Ibu Hamil Trimester 1 Dengan Kejadian Stunting Bayi Usia 0-24 Bulan Pada Keluarga di Wilayah Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Stunting among children under five remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, including in Jember Regency, which has a high prevalence rate. One of the key risk factors contributing to stunting is the nutritional status of pregnant women, especially during the first trimester, which is a critical period for fetal growth and development. This study used to analyze the correlation between maternal nutritional status during the first trimester of pregnancy and stunting incidence in infants aged 0–24 months in the working areas of Jember Regency Community Health Centers. This study applied a retrospective case-control design with a total of 104 families as respondents, consisting of 52 case group families (with stunted infants aged 0–24 months) and 52 control group families (with nonstunted infants aged 0–24 months). Stratified random sampling was used in three sub-districts prioritized for stunting reduction. Maternal nutritional status was assessed using Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) data from Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. In the case group, 71.15% of mothers had a MUAC <23.5 cm during the first trimester, while 57.69% of mothers in the control group had a MUAC ≥23.5 cm. Chi-square test results showed a significant relationship between maternal nutritional status in the first trimester and stunting incidence (p=0.003; OR=3.364; 95% CI=1.490–7.591). Maternal nutritional status during the first trimester is significantly associated with stunting incidence in infants aged 0–24 months. Mothers with poor nutritional status during the first trimester have a 3.36 times higher risk of giving birth to stunted infants compared to those with good nutritional status.