Efektivitas Ekstrak Ganyong (Canna edulis Kerr.) Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pada Mencit yang Diinduksi Aloksan dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Book Chapter

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by impaired insulin secretion and function, commonly associated with diabetes mellitus. Ganyong (Canna edulis) is a plant known to have potential in treating diabetes due to its various bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ganyong ethanol extract on blood glucose levels in mice with alloxan-induced diabetes. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design, divided into several groups: normal control, positive control with metformin, negative control, and a diabetic group given ganyong extract orally by gavage at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight (BW). Alloxan was used to induce hyperglycemia (diabetes) in mice, and blood glucose levels were measured. This was followed by treatment with the extract. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that ganyong extract contributed significantly to the reduction of blood glucose levels in mice (p < 0.000). Duncan's further test showed that there were significant differences between the treatment groups; the 600 mg/kg BW dose showed the most significant reduction in blood glucose, with the 200 and 400 mg/kg BW doses also showing reductions seven days after administration of the extract. After 10 days of extract administration, no significant differences were observed between the extract- treated groups and the positive and normal controls. However, all three were still capable and effective in lowering blood sugar levels in mice, as demonstrated by quantitative testing using SPSS. The optimal concentration of secondary metabolites to increase insulin sensitivity and prevent an increase in blood glucose is thought to contribute to the 200 mg/kg body weight dose of ganyong extract, which is the most effective dose.