Simulasi Lithium Plating pada Baterai Lithium Ion Berbasis Anoda Silikon Menggunakan Pybamm

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries have become one of the key elements in supporting the transition to carbon emissions reduction. Graphite is the most commonly used material for the anode, but the low energy capacity prevents graphite from storing higher amounts of energy, making alternative anode materials such as silicon necessary. Silicon has a capacity ten times greater than graphite, but it remains vulnerable to battery degradation mechanisms such as lithium plating. Lithium plating is the process of lithium metal deposition on the anode surface, it can be triggered by extreme condition such as high charging rates and low temperatures. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of charging rate and temperature on the formation of lithium plating on silicon anodes and compare it with graphite anodes. This study was conducted through simulations using PyBaMM, with charge rate variations of 0,5C, 1C, 2C and temperature variations of 10oC, 25oC, 45oC, using the Okane 2022 parameter set. This simulation uses a lithium-ion battery with an anode parameter modification approaching silicon characteristics and on the graphite anodes using LGM50, the simulations were conducted for a total of 32 cycles. The results consist of accumulated data on lithium plating, SEI thickness and loss of lithium inventory (LLI). The data obtained were then analyzed and graphed to show the relationship between variations in charge rate and temperature on lithium plating. The results indicate that variations in charge rate and temperature effect lithium plating on silicon anodes, with the combination of high charge and low temperature causing a high formation of lithium plating. This combination also triggers the highest lithium plating on graphite anodes. However, on silicon anodes produce more complex lithium plating values and selective formation under certain condition.