Analisis Risiko K3 Proses Pembangunan Kapal Menggunakan Metode FMEA pada PT. XYZ

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks in the ship construction process at PT. XYZ using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. Across three construction stages — Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection — a total of 69 potential workplace accident risks were identified, the majority of which fall under the moderate risk category. The most critical risks identified were electric shock hazards caused by damaged or stripped cables during the Fabrication stage with a Risk Priority Number (RPN) of 210, and hearing impairment due to grinding machine noise during the Assembly stage with an RPN of 216. Meanwhile, in the Erection stage, the highest risk identified was exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation during Eye Plate welding activities with an RPN of 72. Based on these findings, risk control efforts were prioritized on moderate-risk categories by referring to the risk control hierarchy, which encompasses elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). As control measures, this study recommends replacing damaged cables in accordance with SNI standards, conducting routine toolbox meetings prior to work shifts, performing daily visual inspections of equipment and electrical installations, implementing a Special Work Permit system (Permit to Work), and enforcing the use of complete PPE including wearpack, safety helmet, safety shoes, safety gloves, and ear plugs or earmuffs.