Analisis Ekstrak Daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) dalam Meregulasi Ketebalan Sulcular Epithelium pada Tikus Model Periodontitis

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the periodontal tissues. This disease mainly caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis that can be found in subgingival plaque. As the disease progresses, the sulcular epithelium, which is part of the periodontal tissues, shows a reduction in thickness. The conventional treatment for periodontitis generally includes scaling and root planing, accompanied by the administration of antibiotics, particularly metronidazole. However, metronidazole may lead to adverse effects, including headache, nausea, vomitting, and antibiotic resistance, thereby emphasizing the need for alternative treatment options. Cassava leaf extract (Manihot esculenta Crantz) contains various bioactive substances, including flavonoid, tannins, and saponins, which act as an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. This study aims to analyze the potential of cassava leaf extract in regulating the thickness of the sulcular epithelium. Methods: It was a laboratory experimental study with post-test only control group design. The sample consisted of 16 male wistar rats divided into four separate groups: the baseline group (not received any treatment), the positive control group (induced by P. gingivalis and treated with metronidazole at a dose of 2,25 mg/kgBB), the negative control group (induced by P. gingivalis and treated with 2 ml of aquadest), and the cassava leaf extract group (induced by P. gingivalis and treated with cassava leaf extract at a dose of 179,5 mg/kgBB). Results: The study results showed that the sulcular epithelium thickness increased in both the cassava leaf extract group and the positive control group compared with the negative control group. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis revealed no significant differences among the groups. Conclusion: Cassava leaf extract can regulate the thickness of sulcular epithelium on periodontitis rats induced by P. gingivalis.