Determinan Risiko Pemelihara Kucing dan Hewan Ternak dengan Seroprevalensi Toksoplasmosis pada Ibu Hamil KEK Trimester 1 dan 2 di Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Transmission can occur congenitally and acquired. Risk factors for acquired transmission include contact with cats, livestock also have the ability to spread toxoplasmosis. Pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency and infected in the first trimester can cause severe clinical conditions in the fetus. Early diagnosis and treatment in pregnant women can reduce the risk of transmission and severity to the fetus. This research is an observational analytic with a cross sectional approach conducted in Sumbersari and Banjarsengon Health Centers, Jember Regency in 1st July-30th November 2024. The types of data are primary and secondary data obtained from interviews and mother and child health book. The samples in this study were pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency in the 1st and 2nd trimester at the Sumbersari and Banjarsengon Health Centers, a total of 61 samples, taken using the purposive sampling method. Statistical tests used chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. The results of blood serum examination of 61 pregnant women, 45 of them (73.8%) were IgM positive, while 34 (55.7%) were IgG positive. The results of bivariate analysis showed that the risk factor for using Personal Protective Equipmen was significantly related to IgM (p 0,023, OR 0,188, CI 0,044-0,796), cat owners (p 0,023, OR 3,393, CI 1,162-9,910) and handwashing habits (p 0,021, OR 0,218, CI 0,060-0,792) significant relationship with IgG, while the other variables did not show a correlation with toxoplasmosis infection (p>0.05). Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women can be caused by other factors such as sociodemographics, personal hygiene, immunity status. Preventive measures such as keeping the environment clean, especially animal cages, hand washing habits, and maintaining food hygiene are very important to reduce the risk Toxoplasmosis.