Pengaruh Parameter Proses 3D Printing Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan pada Pembuatan Frame Kacamata Pet Daur Ulang

Abstract

The issue of plastic waste particularly from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, remains a serious environmental problem due to its difficulty in decomposing naturally. One solution that can be implemented is to recycle PET plastic bottles into 3D printing filaments, which can then be developed into products with economic value such as eyeglass frames using the fused deposition modelling (FDM) method. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in 3D printing process parameters, bed temperature, print speed, and nozzle temperature, on the surface roughness of recycled PET filament prints. The experimental method used was the L9(3³) orthogonal design with three independent variables with three levels each. Surface roughness data were obtained through testing using a Surfcorder SE 800A Kosaka device and analysed using the Taguchi method and ANOVA test to determine the most influential factors and optimal parameter combinations. The results of this study indicate that the print speed and nozzle temperature parameters have a significant effect on surface roughness, while the bed temperature has no significant effect. The print speed factor contributes dominantly to 73.50% of the variation in roughness values, followed by the nozzle temperature at 6.22% and the bed temperature at 1.69%. The optimal parameter combination was obtained at a bed temperature of 90 °C, print speed of 30 mm/s, and nozzle temperature of 260 °C with the lowest surface roughness value of 4.81 µm, which meets the PETG material roughness standard of 6.63 µm. This study shows that proper setting of process parameters can improve the surface quality of recycled PET products, making them potentially useful in the manufacture of innovative products such as eyeglass frames.