Analisis Pengaruh Dinamika Sektor Minyak, Investasi, dan Tenaga Kerja Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Negara-Negara OPEC Di Kawasan Timur Tengah

Abstract

The economic dependence of Middle Eastern OPEC countries on the oil sector often triggers growth volatility while sparking debates between the Solow-Swan neoclassical theory and the resource curse hypothesis. This explanatory quantitative research aims to analyze the effect of oil export revenues, Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), and the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) on economic growth in the region using panel data regression with the Common Effect Model, which has passed all classical assumption tests. The analysis results prove that simultaneously and partially, oil export revenues, GFCF, and LFPR have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. These findings reject the resource curse hypothesis while confirming the neoclassical and Heckscher-Ohlin theories, which emphasize that the comparative advantage of the oil sector, infrastructure investment, and productive labor absorption are complementary fundamental pillars in driving the economy. Therefore, policies to strengthen physical investment and localize the domestic workforce become strategic recommendations to reduce dependence on foreign labor and maintain long-term economic growth stability.