Peta Spasial Asosiasi Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths dengan Faktor Risiko Higiene pada Balita Stunting di Kecamatan Kaliwates

Abstract

Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) are a group of intestinal nematode worms that require soil as a medium for transmission. Hygiene is a one of the factor that can cause toddlers to be infected with STH. Chronic infection from STH can cause malnutrition which can lead to stunting. Stunting is a condition where a child's height or body length is not in accordance with age. STH infection and stunting have potential of causing health and social problem in the future. Prevention and control of STH infection and stunting can be done if we know its distribution pattern by spatial map. Aim of this study was to determine the spatial map of the association of STH infection with hygiene risk in stunting toddler in Kaliwates District. This study used a cross-sectional type of research which is implemented in August 2023-Mei 2024 in Kaliwates District and the Faculty of Medicine, Jember University. The study population was 814 stunting toddlers, then the study sample was 103 stunting toddlers in Kaliwates District. Cluster sampling technique was use in this study. The study use fischer exact test and moran’s index test to determine the association and autocorrelation of STH infection cases. The results of this study showed that 8,7% of stunted toddlers had STH infection, most of them are Hookworms. The results of bivariate analysis show that all hygiene risk factors have a p-value > 0.05. The results obtained are a Moran index of -0.228732 indicating negative autocorrelation (-1 ≤ I < 0). The z-score value is -0.632539 and the p-value is 0.527035. Hygiene risk factors are not related to STH infection in stunted toddlers, and spatial analysis shows that cases of STH infection are distributed evenly and randomly in Kaliwates District, as is the distribution of hygiene risks.