Karakterisasi Genotipe dan Fenotipe Tanaman F2 Hasil Persilangan Padi Ketan Putih Varietas Paketih dengan Padi Hitam Lokal Purwokerto

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the genotype segregation pattern and phenotype diversity in the F2 generation resulting from crossing the white glutinous rice variety Paketih (PKT) with local black rice Purwokerto (PWK). The study was conducted at the Green House Agrotechnopark, University of Jember and the Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Jember. Genotype analysis was carried out using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method with six SSR primers, namely RM220, RM252, RM180, RM3092, RM2441, and RM224. The results showed that primers RM252 and RM180 were able to detect polymorphisms in the parents and the F2 population. PCR analysis using primer RM252 resulted in a genotype distribution of 4 homozygous dominant (AA), 13 heterozygous (Aa), and 11 homozygous recessive (aa) plants. The Chi-square test results showed a calculated χ² value of 3.87, smaller than the χ² table value of 5.99, indicating that genotype segregation followed a Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1. Phenotypic observations revealed a predominance of black in 19 plants and white in 9 plants. The F2 population also exhibited agronomic diversity in plant height, tiller number, number of grains per panicle, grain weight, and pericarp color. Variations in rice color and grain color indicated genetic segregation and allelic recombination in the F2 population. The results indicate that the F2 population has potential as a selection tool in black rice breeding programs.