Analisis Kadar TNF-α Pasca Injeksi Protein Rekombinan Terpurifikasi DBL2β-PFEMP1 pada Tikus Rattus Norvegicus

Abstract

The case of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is still considered a global health issue with high mortality, especially in endemic areas. The primary pathogenesis of malaria infection is caused by their ability to adhere to endothelial cells modulated by the protein PfEMP1. TNF-α as proinflammatory cytokines, have 10 days active time range after exposure with day 3 as their peak time and are studied to better understand the immunogenicity aspect of vaccine candidates. TNF-α levels 14 days after injection are researched to understand the immunogenicity aspect of the purified protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 and its effect on one of the body's proinflammatory cytokines. This research aims to learn the immunogenicity effect of purified protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 as a candidate for malaria vaccine, with a long-term goal of developing a vaccine that could prevent cerebral malaria. This research is true experimental with a posttest-only control group design that includes 5 groups. The groups in this research are divided into, the control group (NaCl 0,9%), treatment group 1 (150 μg), treatment group 2 (150 μg + adjuvant), treatment group 3 (300 μg + adjuvant), and treatment group 4 (450 μg + adjuvant). TNF-α levels are measured using ELISA with data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistic 22 software. The result of Within Subject Anova shows a significant downward trend (p<0,05) that can be understood as the immune system shifts from a cytokines-based immune system into an antibody-based immune system. The result of One-Way Anova on the other hand shows no significant difference between groups (p>0,05) that can be explained because of the TNF-α level 14 days after injection has ended and returned to baseline. From this research, it can be concluded that booster injection purified recombinant protein DBL2β-PfEMP1 may cause a significant downward trend of TNF-α concentration.