Pengaruh Paparan Medan Elektromagnetik Extremely Low-Frequency (ELF) terhadap Vitamin C dan Kualitas Fisik Cabai Hijau (Capsicum annumm L)

Abstract

Green chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a high-value horticultural commodity that is highly susceptible to postharvest quality deterioration caused by microbial activity and metabolic processes. One of the key quality parameters is vitamin C content, which is labile and easily oxidized during storage. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field exposure at intensities of 650 µT and 850 µT on the vitamin C content and physical quality of green chili. A laboratory experimental study was conducted using a randomized subject post-test only group design. Green chili samples were divided into five groups: a control group without exposure and four experimental groups with varying ELF intensities (650 µT and 850 µT) and exposure durations (50 and 100 minutes). Measurements were conducted on days 0, 6, 12, and 18, covering vitamin C content (yodiumetric titration method), pH, density, color, and number of decayed fruits. Data were analyzed using Two Way ANOVA and Post Hoc tests. The results showed that ELF exposure at 850 µT for 100 minutes maintained vitamin C content at 83.60 mg/100 g on day 6, significantly higher than the control group at 64.80 mg/100 g. The physical quality indicators including pH, color, and number of decayed fruits in the experimental groups were better than in the control, while the density decrease followed a relatively similar pattern across groups. It is concluded that ELF electromagnetic field exposure significantly contributes to maintaining vitamin C content and slowing the physical quality deterioration of green chili during storage, indicating its potential as a safe and effective nonthermal preservation technology.