Asuhan Keperawatan Ansietas (Demam Typhoid) Dengan Terapi Bermain Plastisin di RSUD Bangil Kabupaten Pasuruan

Abstract

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Demam typhoid pada anak sering menyebabkan hospitalisasi yang dapat menimbulkan ansietas akibat lingkungan asing, tindakan medis, dan keterbatasan bermain. Terapi bermain plastisin merupakan intervensi nonfarmakologis yang dapat membantu menurunkan ansietas pada anak selama perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi terapi bermain plastisin pada anak dengan demam typhoid di RSUD Bangil Kabupaten Pasuruan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus pada satu anak usia prasekolah dengan diagnosis demam typhoid disertai ansietas. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, dokumentasi, dan pengukuran tingkat ansietas menggunakan Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) Parent Report. Terapi bermain plastisin diberikan selama tiga hari dengan durasi 5–10 menit setiap sesi. Hasil: Skor ansietas pasien sebelum intervensi sebesar 62 (kecemasan berat), menurun menjadi 39 pada hari kedua dan 21 pada hari ketiga. Pasien tampak lebih tenang, kooperatif, serta mampu berinteraksi dan berkonsentrasi lebih baik selama hospitalisasi. Kesimpulan: Terapi bermain plastisin efektif sebagai intervensi keperawatan nonfarmakologis dalam menurunkan ansietas pada anak dengan demam typhoid selama menjalani perawatan di rumah sakit.

Abstract Background: Typhoid fever in children often leads to hospitalization, which can cause anxiety due to an unfamiliar environment, medical procedures, and limited playtime. Play therapy using plasticine is a non-pharmacological intervention that can help reduce anxiety in children during treatment. This study aims to describe the implementation of play therapy using plasticine in children with typhoid fever at Bangil Regional General Hospital, Pasuruan Regency. Methods: This study employed a case study design involving one preschool-aged child diagnosed with typhoid fever accompanied by anxiety. Data were collected through interviews, observations, physical examinations, documentation, and anxiety level measurements using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) Parent Report. Play therapy using plasticine was administered over three days, with each session lasting 5–10 minutes. Results: The patient’s anxiety score before the intervention was 62 (severe anxiety), decreasing to 39 on the second day and 21 on the third day. The patient appeared calmer, more cooperative, and was able to interact and concentrate better during hospitalization. Conclusion: Play therapy using plasticine is effective as a nonpharmacological nursing intervention in reducing anxiety in children with typhoid fever during their hospital stay.