Pengaruh Kadar Glukosa Darah Sewaktu terhadap Konversi Sputum Fase Intensif Pasien Tuberkulosis Komorbid Diabetes Melitus

Abstract

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who experience hyperglycemia have a 2–4 times higher risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that approximately 0.4 million people were affected by TB–DM comorbidity in 2021. DM has also been associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes, as reflected in early indicators of treatment success. The rapidly increasing prevalence raises concerns about the growing number of TB DM patients with hyperglycemia who may experience failure of sputum conversion during the intensive phase of treatment. Utilizing random blood glucose (RBG) screening results as an early indicator of glycemic status in pulmonary TB patients with DM has great potential to support case management at the primary care level. Based on these considerations, this study aimed to determine the effect of random blood glucose levels on sputum conversion during the intensive phase as an early indicator of TB treatment success in pulmonary TB patients with DM undergoing treatment at primary health centers in Jember. This study employed a retrospective cohort design using secondary data obtained from SITB and patients’ medical records. A total of 76 samples were included using a total sampling technique, with the majority being patients aged ≥40 years, male, and non-farmers. The variable of random blood glucose level showed an odds ratio (OR) of 0.429 (95% CI: 0.040 4.578), indicating that patients with random blood glucose levels ≥200 mg/dL had a lower likelihood of sputum conversion during the intensive phase, although this finding was not statistically significant.